Fyodor Golovin (1650-1706) was a Russian state figure, a military leader and a diplomat.
Being the closest associate of Peter I in many state and military affairs, F. Golovin was the first to be awarded the highest state award - the Order of St. Andrew the Apostle the First Called, as well as the ranks of Field-Marshal General, Admiral-General and the rank of Count.
He became a prominent state figure in 1686-1689, when he negotiated with China as the Great Ambassador and the Vice-regent of Siberia. The talks ended with the signing of the Treaty of Nerchinsk, which for the first time defined the borders between the two states.
In 1696, the Tsar engaged F. Golovin in the naval affairs: during the second Azov campaign, he provided the sea protection of the Russian troops besieging Azov, a Turkish fortress at that time. The next year, along with F. Lefort and A. Menshikov, he accompanied Peter I on his first trip to Western Europe.
After the suppression of the Streltsy uprising, F. Golovin was elevated to the rank of Admiral-General and received under his command the Military Naval Office, which was in charge of staffing the fleet.
As the Head of the diplomatic department, he persistently sought peace in the south with Turkey. On August 8, 1700, a courier from Constantinople reported on the conclusion of a peace treaty with the Ottoman Porte, and on August 19, Peter I declared war on Sweden. On the same day, he promoted his Chancellor to the rank of Field Marshal and appointed him the leader of the army.
In 1701, F. Golovin was put in charge of the Navigational School founded in Moscow, in the Sukharev Tower; later on, in 1715, the navigator classes of the school, which were transferred to St. Petersburg, formed the basis of the Naval Academy. F. Golovin took part in editing the first Russian printed newspaper News of Military and Other Affairs Worthy of Knowledge and Tribute that Took Place in the Moscow State and Other Surrounding Countries.
Since 1699, F. Golovin was actually the second leader of the Russians foreign policy after Peter the Great, zealously and skillfully defending Russian interests in international affairs, especially in the diplomatic struggle with Sweden. During his chancellorship, the institute of permanent Russian representatives abroad was established.
The postage stamp provides a portrait of Fyodor Golovin.
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