Paphnutiy Lvovich Chebyshev (1821-1894) - Russian mathematician and mechanic, founder of the St. Petersburg mathematical school, academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (associate since 1853, extraordinary academician since 1859) and 24 other academies of the world
.
Born on May 4 (16), 1821 in d. Okatovo (now-Akatovo) Kaluga Province of the Russian Empire. He received his initial upbringing and education at home. In 1841, he graduated from the Imperial Moscow University. In 1846, he successfully defended his master's thesis "The experience of elementary analysis of probability theory". In 1847, Chebyshev was confirmed as an associate professor at St. Petersburg University. In 1849, he defended his doctoral dissertation "Theory of Comparisons" at St. Petersburg University, after which he became a professor at St. Petersburg University in 1850. In 1852, Chebyshev made a scientific trip to Great Britain, France and Belgium, during which he got acquainted with the practice of foreign mechanical engineering, with museum collections of machines and mechanisms, with the work of factories and factories, and also met with major mathematicians and mechanics. Chebyshev — the greatest Russian mathematician of the XIX century. He obtained fundamental results in number theory (distribution of prime numbers) and probability theory (the central limit theorem, the law of large numbers), built a general theory of orthogonal polynomials, the theory of uniform approximations, and many others. He founded the mathematical theory of mechanism synthesis and developed a number of practically important concepts of mechanisms.
He was awarded the Orders of St. Alexander Nevsky, St. Vladimir II degree, St. Anna I degree, St. Stanislaus I degree. In 1890, he was also awarded the French Legion of Honor. He died on November 26 (December 8), 1894 in St. Petersburg.
The postage stamp depicts a portrait of P. L. Chebyshev, a stationary car and the formulas of a mathematician.
In addition to the issue of the postage stamp, envelopes of the first day were issued and special postmarks were made for Moscow, St. Petersburg and Kaluga.
Artists-designers: S. Kradyshev, O. Savina.
Nominal value: 40 rubles.
Stamp size: 42×30 mm, sheet size: 142×174 mm.
Product form: a sheet with decorated margins of 15 (3×5) stamps.
Circulation: 150 thousand stamps (10 thousand sheets).
« back